Treatment of Paranoid Personality Disorder Substance abuse disorders, Major depressive disorder, OCD and agoraphobia are also noted as conditions which can develop in conjunction with PPD (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The DSM -5 identifies the following conditions as comorbid: Other personality disorders, specifically, schizotypal, schizoid, narcissistic, avoidant, and borderline personality disorder. The DSM-5 indicates that a family history of Schizophrenia, or persecutory type delusional disorder are risk factors for Paranoid Personality Disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). PrevalenceĪccording to the DSM-5, the prevalence of Paranoid Personality Disorder is 2.3 % to 4.4 % of the US population, and is more frequently diagnosed in males. This could be a contributing factor in the development of paranoid personality. A child who exhibits abnormal behaviors and who is rejected by peers, may learn not to trust, and may become suspicious of others motives. This is an interesting note, in that it raises questions of premorbid causality. Children may act strangely, resulting in teasing (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The DSM-5 notes that Paranoid Personality Disorder features may be apparent in childhood and adolescence. Will be jealous and suspicious without cause that intimate partners are being unfaithful.Ĭriterion B is that the above symptoms will not be during a psychotic episode in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depressive disorder with psychotic features,Ī qualifier is that if the diagnostic criteria for PPD is met prior to the onset of Schizophrenia, it should be noted Paranoid Personality Disorder was premorbid (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In the absence of objective evidence, believe their reputation or character are being assailed by others, and will retaliate in some manner andħ. The seven sub features of criterion A are:ġ.The person with PPD will believe others are using, lying to, or harming them, without apparent evidence thereof.Ģ.They will have doubts about the loyalty and trustworthiness of others,ģ.,They will not confide in others due to the belief that their confidence will be betrayed.Ĥ.They will interpret ambiguous or benign remarks as hurtful or threatening, andĦ. Symptoms of Paranoid Personality DisorderĪccording to the DSM-5, there are two primary diagnostic criterion for Paranoid Personality Disorder of which criterion A has seven sub features, four of which must be present to warrant a diagnosis of PPD:Ĭriterion A is: Global mistrust and suspicion of others motives which commences in adulthood. PPD is also not regarded as a result of trauma, as the perception of being unsafe in the world which is typical of persons with PTSD (Post -traumatic Stress Disorder) is of a different quality and etiology. Paranoid Personality Disorder is not amenable to antipsychotic medications as there are not typically gross deficits in reality testing, and the paranoid thought content and beliefs are typically-non bizarre. Persons with Paranoid Personality Disorder may develop brief psychotic reactions under stress, but by definition, a brief psychotic episode is discrete and does not endure. Paranoid Personality Disorder is a non-psychotic disorder, in that it is a discrete diagnosis involving one's dysfunctional and maladaptive personality characteristics, rather then a thought or mood disorder. They will be highly critical of others, but will respond to criticism of themselves with hostility or defensiveness. Generally they have a difficult time getting along with others People with Paranoid Personality Disorder tend to do poorly with group activities and collaborative projects. They may appear guarded and secretive, very rational, logical, and unemotional, but at times will be sarcastic, hostile, and rigid. They tend to be aloof, cold, distant, argumentative, and frequently complain. Persons with PPD are hypervigilant to physical, verbal or social attacks, and do not trust others, and therefore tend to have few if any close or intimate associates. Paranoid Personality Disorder is referred to as a Cluster A personality disorder, which involve “ odd or eccentric “ behavior patterns (Esterberg, Goulding, & Walker, 2010). PPD (Paranoid Personality Disorder) is a DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition), diagnosis assigned to individuals who have a pervasive, persistent, and enduring mistrust of others, and a profoundly cynical view of others and the world (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). DSM-5 Category: Personality Disorders Introduction
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